Throughout Middle East, from North Africa to Persian Gulf, Russia is ubiquitous, with its high-level visitors, its weapons, its mercenaries, and its deals to build power plants. ..…

Iran Vows to Safeguard Security in Persian Gulf  . . Russia’s Security Concept: No Foreign Military Presence Is Key to Persian Gulf Stability  . . . . . . ..…

Carter Democrat Iran Hostage crisis, Shah of Iran, Armed Afghanistan against Russia & Iraq against Iran . ... Republican Iraq 1 (Gulf War) Precipitated by events during Carter administration . ..…

[xl] Taken together, this gray area economic investment in the North-South corridor is poorly understood, as are the flows of illicit monies that deserve anti-money laundering (AML) attention: including connections among Gulf–Russian Federation, Belarus-Gulf, Balkans-Gulf, and..…

In the Gulf, Russia and Saudi Arabia alone have essentially set the bar for current energy prices, reducing OPEC to a shadow of its past self. ..…

While the currently recognized volumes are small relative to those found in the Persian Gulf, Russia, or the Caspian Sea Basin, they are large enough to have a significant impact on the energy security of states in the Eastern Mediterranean, and make some, albeit more limited, contribution..…