The first was during World War I, of approximately a half million people. ..…

The ongoing radicalization of the profession was further catalyzed by and reflected in its clear opposition to the imperial wars which the tsarist state was casting the nation into—first the war with Japan in 1905 and then World War I in 1914. ... After the onset of..…

You think you can do it because someone else has done it [in another context—World War I] and by God they didn’t think they’d be able to do it, but they did it, and we can do it too. ... One, the depression, and prior to that, the way in which the Germans were treated after..…

But Russia’s economic backwardness and the devastation caused by World War I, meant that the revolution could not survive without outside support. ..…