It would have been in the apparent interest of US forces to watch a Turkish-Syrian confrontation in NES, an eventuality that Russia and Iran sought to avoid. . Ankara’s motive and concern were the fact that the Syrian Kurds – a branch of the PKK organisation on the list of terrorism –..…

The photo at the top of this commentary is from a summit between Putin, Erdoğan and Iran’s President Hassan Rouhan. It was taken at a mid-September meeting that the three leaders held in Ankara. . ..…