On June 1, 1812, President James Madison told Congress: “We behold … on the side of Great Britain a state of war. … Whether the United States shall continue passive under these progressive usurpations and these accumulating wrongs … shall commit a just cause into the hands of the..…

He started by welcoming all the comrades present at the congress. He also read out solidarity messages from different sections of the IMT, from Sweden to the United States; Britain to France; Greece to Germany, and from Spain to Venezuela. ..…